Eastern Ontario features diverse geological landscapes with fertile areas supporting cities, forested recreation areas, agricultural lands, and managed forests. Historically, Indigenous peoples managed the land through controlled burns and selective harvesting. Since European settlement, the land has been impacted with widespread deforestation for farming and timber. Many areas in this region are undergoing reforestation or afforestation efforts to restore forest cover and support ecological function.
Restoration projects in this region are enhancing tree species diversity and establishing buffers that protect against wind, snow, and provide visual screening. Forest health in this region has declined due to invasive species—such as the emerald ash borer—and extreme weather events, including the 2022 Derecho Storm and the 2025 Ice Storm. These restoration efforts aim to build more resilient forests in areas affected by such losses. Restoration projects involve planting a diverse mix of native species and applying techniques to improve forest structure and function, as well as enhancing wildlife habitat. By carefully selecting tree stock and specifications for planting densities, these projects will also mitigate the impacts from invasive species and severe weather.
